This study examines how parenthood and work influence gendered well-being in the U.S., Brazil, and the Netherlands using World Values Survey Wave 7 data. We find that while having children boosts women’s short-term happiness, its long-term effect on life satisfaction varies across countries. The number of children significantly impacts women’s well-being. Men’s happiness is more influenced by occupational status than fatherhood. The relationship between women’s employment and well-being differs by country. We discuss implications for gender equality, workforce participation, and policies addressing the motherhood dilemma.
